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ƫߎXˮϵˮ

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(ƼWٵVɽЧ_cȫc,100083)

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PI~ ƫߎX; ; ˮ̶; ˮ; ɺЧ; ɽҷ

ЈD̖:TU522     īI־a:A        ¾̖:

Hydration and Properties of High Volume Metakaolin Cement-based Materials

QIAO Chun-yu, NI Wen, WANG Chang-long

(Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,

University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract: To study  the relation between content and specific surface area of metakaolin and compressive strength, compressive strength is measured as well relative hydration degree of cement and heat evolution. The relation between heat evolution between heat evolution and nonevaporable water or compressive strength is also discussed. And the material microstructure is observed by scanning electron microscope. The results are shown as follows. As the amount of blended metakaolin increases in range of 50%, the rate of mortar strength development increases. The compressive strength of different mortars can be quantified by effective surface model which takes dilution effect, heterogeneous nucleation effect and pozzolanic reaction into consideration. The relative hydration degree of cement increases as blended metakaolin increases while it increases first and then decreases when time goes on. The max hydration heat decreases and heat increment increases as the amount of MK increases. At the early ages the linear relation between cumulative heat and nonevaporable water amount is different from that at the late age. And the linear relation exists between cumulative heat and mortar strength at the early age.

KEY WORDS  metakaolin; strength; relative degree of hydration; heat of hydration; heterogeneous nucleation effect; pozzolanic reaction

ƫߎX(MK)ǸߎXճV600-800ߜџõĸ߻ɽһ΢

[1],cCH γC-S-H zC 4AH 13C 3AH 6ԼC 2ASH 8[2]ƫߎXЧظzwϵĿ׽Y|M,wϵWܺ;Ե[1, 3-5],䃞(yu)ܵԽԽWߵďVPע

ո:2014-06-23;ӆ:2014-07-22

Ŀ:Ҹ߼gоl(f)չӋ(863Ӌ)(2012AA062405)

һ:̴(1989-),,ӱg,ƼWʿо

ͨ:  (1961-),,ӱ,ƼW,ʿ,ʿ

Frias[6]оMKˮɰ{şӰ,ɽһԵڹҲhڷú,ƫߎX͹ҌˮşƵĴMKhatib[7]оSMKӺB(yng)orgL,wϵп׏С20nmĿռu,MK@ˮ{w׽YJustice[8]о͓r¼ȴMKڻȵø@,MKwϵȴCH,ЧظwϵWܺ;Xٻ[9]о˵͓r(

΢ЧɃɲֽM:ˮຬͮaġϡЧ͵VϓaıɺЧȜxY,һˮұ(w/c>0.42)ĝ{w,ˮڡϡЧˮwˮoM,@ڴ˕rwϵȳˮˮˮƗl;Vϱijɺ-LЧʹˮܳMɺ-L,Mwϵˮˮ,˿wF΢ЧMwϵˮˮ̶Ƶ,Cyr[12, 13]Ч|ģͽcVϱȱe֮gĶPϵģвwϵֽM:ϡЧVϱɺЧͻɽЧ�ϡЧzwϵȲˮ౻VĽY,漰wϵˮຬĜpԼˮұȵɺЧһNЧ,ˮܳMֿڵVϱijɺcɺ-L,@һЧMˮˮ,ˮˮ̶[11-14]�ɽЧһNWЧ,ˮˮaCHcеĻԽMְl(f)şᷴɻɽҷa,wϵ΢^׽Yܾи

Ч|eģ[12-14]cMK֮gĶPϵ,̽wϵşcwϵ|׃Wܰl(f)չ֮gPϵ,ԼMKͺϲwϵW,|׃,ş΢^YӰ,MKڻI(y)еĴṩһָ

1 򞷽

1.1 ԭ

ԭϞˮ(P.I. 42.5)ƫߎX,ˮĵıȱe424.1m2/Kg,ƫߎXıȱe1307.7m2/KgԭϵĻWɷֲֺքeҊ1͈D1ɈD1֪,

ƫߎXwhСˮwɱ1֪,ƫߎXĻWMɻSiO 2Al 2O 3,ߺ֮͸_96%

1 ԭϻWɷ(w.t.%)

Table 1 Chemical Compositions of Raw Materials (w.t.%)

SiO 2

Al 2O 3 Fe 2O 3 MgO CaO Na 2O K 2O LOI C 3S C 2S C 3A C 4AF C S H 2 PC 22.51    6.34

2.48

3.85 60.05 0.3 0.66    2.1 59.88 17.49    6.22 10.55    5.72 MK 5

4.89

41.71 0.42 0.5 0.66 0.15 0.08 0.28

1.2 450g ,10% (MK10)ˮ

7졢2890鲢ھƾнKֹˮMyԇīI[15]GB/T12960-2007ˮMֵĶyṩķ,yMK0MK20MK35MK50ĽMԇKĻWYˮԼƫߎXķȡ{Kĥ,(652)C к24Сr,úKRt1000C Ɵ,{ԇKĻWYˮW ne Ӌʽ:

(1)

m 165C ɺԇӵ|(g);m 21000C Ɵԇӵ|(g);W mk, c =W mk,

I

*p W c, I*(1-p),pMK,W mk, IW c, IքeMKˮğʧ

}xܽⷨyԇMK-PCͺzwϵMKW MK: W MK = p-[W HCl / (1-W ne) - (1-p)*W c,HCl]/W MK,HCl(2)W HClMK-PC{}ܽ|֔;W c,HCl鼃ˮ{}ܽ|֔;W MK,HClMK}ܽ|֔;W newϵWYˮ

TA˾TAM Airxy{wˮş,yrg7,ֺ23,ÿ

ԇYȡ2ԇӵƽֵò˾SUPER 55l(f)R(FE-SEM)^첻ͬˮrgzw΢^ò

2 YcӑՓ

2.1

D2ɰ{ԇKͬgڵďȰl(f)չSMK,LٶȼӿMK-PCɰ{37쿹ȾSӶ,ҾPCɰ{;MK50,MK-PCɰ{ԇ28쿹Ⱦ^PCɰ{,ͬMeȲpС;MK-PC ɰ{90쿹Ⱦ^PCɰ{,Nr(>20%)ȷքeL18.9%,20.6%16.9%,ڵ͓wϵڿL@ɰ{ۏҲڅMK̶^,ɰ{ďҪˮˮSMK,wϵеˮຬp,ˮˮ̶ȵӲԵˮຬ͌ȮaӰ,ڏͺɰ{ďSSrgL,MKcˮˮγɵCHl(f)ɽҷ,ɸˮa,ɰ{,ͺɰ{28r^PCɰ{uL;ͺzwϵĻɽҷ@,@ڏڵ͓wϵ

C

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p

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e

s

s

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o

n

S

t

r

e

n

g

t

h

M

p

a

Time/ Day

F

l

e

x

u

r

a

l

S

t

r

e

n

g

t

h

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M

P

a

Time/ Day

a    b

D2 ɰ{Ȱl(f)չ(a:b:ۏ)

Fig. 2 Strength development curve of mortars(a: compressive strength; b: flexural strength)

MK-PCɰ{ďˮMKɲֹͬṩ,ɰһ•r,߅^(q)eMK|֔pˮLawrence[14]Jͺɰ{RNЧMγɵ: R=R dilution R R pz,,R dilutionˮຬpٵġϡЧaď,R՞铽ϱɺЧaď,R pzԵVϻɽЧaď

VόwϵܵͻWЧ,UϡЧcˮˮ̶֮gPϵ,Lawrence[14]о˲ͬʯӢw(ƽ215m)-ˮwϵ(

Cyr[12, 13]Փ,ɺЧͻɽЧҪˮw͵Vwӽ,SVϓ,ˮຬup,ɷNwx|ĸʽ,ҪxһЧʵą,õͺwϵMKcλ|ˮ|Ч|eS effRպͦR pzcS eff֮gƵĶPϵ[9-11],,

(3)

(4)

ʽ(3)R0ͬgڻɰ{,pVϓ,a,bc򞅢,aa pzքeˮ͵V֮gMKɺЧͻɽЧ,crgP,oV;bˮȱe(m2/kg),cˮ༚P;cһȡֵ1,oVʽ(4),SMKcλ|ˮ|e(m2/kg),S SVϵıȱe(m2/kg),

Ч,crg,ԼVϷNoP,HcpP,oV򞅢k,mnһk=0.7,m=36.8,n=3.40[12]

ʽ(3)ͬMK-PCͺɰ{RcЧ|eS eff֮gPϵMДM,wYҊD3ɈD3֪,C˓ϓ,ȺЧʵһϵصCyr ģͽy(tng)һ˵VϱɺúͻɽҷW,ܺõرMK-PCͺzwϵMKϏȵЧ

S t r e n g t h  I n c r e a s e /M P a Efficient Surface Area/m 2/Kg

D3 PC-MK ɰ{MK Ч|ecL֮gPϵM    2.2 MK CSH C D4a wϵˮˮ̶,

N o n e v a p o r a b l e  W a t e r  (% w .t .)

D4 MK-PC wϵĻWYˮ(a)MK (b)

Fig. 4 Nonevaporable water contents (a) and MK reaction amount (b) in the MK-PC pastes

MK-PC wϵĦֵҊD5,䔵ֵSMK Ӷ,SrgLpС,ˮ90gڃȦֵ1,MK aġϡЧˏͺϲwϵˮұ,mȻ(3)ˮұȵ󲢲ˮˮ̶[11, 14],SˮrgL,wϵˮp,ϡЧԞˮˮṩëˮ,Ķںˮˮ̶,MK ıɺЧͨ^ˮܳMɺcɺ-LMwϵˮˮ;ɽЧˮˮγɵCH ,CH ĜpٴʹˮˮM,gӴMˮˮS,

ϡЧˮˮ̶ȵĴMu@,֮MK cλ|ˮw֮gЧ|eS eff u,ɺЧͻɽҷˮˮĴMu,NCƵĹͬ¦ֵSuˮA,ϡЧMK ıɺЧͻɽЧwϵˮˮĴMu,ֵu;SˮrgL,wϵMK ɽҷm(x)M,w MK @,˕rwϵˮˮڅȫ,MK-PC ͺϲwϵcPC wϵ֮gˮˮ̶ȵIJusС,FֵڜpС

2.3 DM:

,Ӻͦ

ͺψD6b ֪,SMK ,Q max upС,併@;Q max uwϵķşҪԴˮˮ,SMK u,ˮຬupС,ˮağu,wϵşQ max u͡Q max ҪcϡЧMK ıɺЧͻɽЧPSMK ,NЧwϵˮˮĴMu,cͬrMK ɽҷşu,ߵįBЧʹQ max u

C

u

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t

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Time/h

a    b

D6 MK-PCwϵӋş(a)Ӌş(b)

Fig. 6 Cumulative heat (a) and max cumulative heat in MK-PC pastes(b) Ӌşӳwϵ|׃໥^,cܰl(f)չPϵoܡD7鲻ͬgڸPC-MKͺzwϵӋşcWYˮɰ{֮gPϵڲwϵڷşʮ΢,90wϵˮˮͻɽҷٶup,̶څȫ,ڈD7ӋşQ maxc90ĻWYˮ

ɈD7(a)֪,WYˮcӋPϵ,ڼ237rwϵĻWYˮcӋPϵһ,ڼ90rPϵcA@ɈD7(b)֪,gAwϵcşھPϵ

wϵȴڴˮg,MK^,ɽҷwϵ,WYˮԼşӰ푻ɺ,߻ȡQڴA΃ˮˮ,ˮĻWYˮӋ֮gچһıPϵ,ʹڲͬgӋşcWYˮ֮gPϵһ¡wϵˮˮڅȫ,MKɽҷuռλ,䷴şcWYˮ֮gıPϵͬˮ,Ķ90gڕrwϵşcWYˮ֮gPϵcAβͬV an Breugel[17]Jˮϵďcˮ̶֮gھPϵ,ˮˮ̶cˮş֮gҲھPϵ,ˏͺϲϵڏcş֮gھPϵ

 b

D7 MK-PCwϵӋˮcWYˮ(a)(b)Pϵ

Fig 7 Relations between cumulative heat and nonevaporable water (a) and compressive strength (b)

3 YՓ

(1) 50%,SMK,ͺɰ{LڏȾPCɰ{,wϵڵ͓wϵ䏊Lٶȸ@,]ˡϡЧƫߎXɺЧͻɽЧЧ|eģͿԶͺϲwϵĿR

(2) MK-PCͺzwϵ,ϡЧƫߎXɺЧͻɽЧMˏͺϲwϵˮˮ,ˮˮ̶ȦSMKu,SrgӺ󽵵,90gڃ䔵ֵʼK1

(3) 50%,SMK,wϵӋşQ maxu,併@;ӋşQ maxuˮ,MK-PCͺzwϵӋşc仯WYˮɰ{ȾPϵ;ˮ,ӋşcWYˮPϵͬ

īI:

[1] Sabir B B, Wild S, Bai J. Metakaolin and calcined clays as pozzolans for concrete: a review[J]. Cement and

Concrete Composites. 2001, 23(6): 441-454.

[2] Dunster A M, Parsonage J R, Thomas M J K. The pozzolanic reaction of metakaolinite and its effects on

Portland cement hydration[J]. Journal of Materials Science. 1993, 28(5): 1345-1350.

[3] G U Neyisi E, Geso U G Lu M, Mermerda C S K I M. Improving strength, drying shrinkage, and pore

structure of concrete using metakaolin[J]. Materials and structures. 2008, 41(5): 937-949.

[4] Gruber K A, Ramlochan T, Boddy A, et al. Increasing concrete durability with high-reactivity metakaolin[J].

Cement and Concrete Composites. 2001, 23(6): 479-484.

[5] Poon C S, Kou S C, Lam L. Compressive strength, chloride diffusivity and pore structure of high performance

metakaolin and silica fume concrete[J]. Construction and Building Materials. 2006, 20(10): 858-865.

[6] Frias M, de Rojas M, Cabrera J. The effect that the pozzolanic reaction of metakaolin has on the heat

evolution in metakaolin-cement mortars[J]. Cement and Concrete Research. 2000, 30(2): 209-216.

[7] Khatib J M, Wild S. Pore size distribution of metakaolin paste[J]. Cement and Concrete Research. 1996,

26(10): 1545-1553.

[8] Justice J M, Kurtis K E. Influence of Metakaolin Surface Area on Properties of Cement-Based Materials[J].

Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2007, 19(9): 762-771.

[9] Xٻ,ղ,ڽ. ƫߎXĸܻWо[J]. όW. 2001, 4(1):

74-78.

QIAN Xiaoqian, ZHAN Shulin, LI Zongjin. Research of the physical and mechanical properties of the high performance concrete with metakaolin[J]. Journal of Building Materials. 2001, 4(1), 74-78. (in Chinese) [10] Wild S, Khatib J M, Jones A. Relative strength, pozzolanic activity and cement hydration in superplasticised

metakaolin concrete[J]. Cement and Concrete Research. 1996, 26(10): 1537-1544.

[11] Oey T, Kumar A, Bullard J W, et al. The filler effect: the influence of filler content and surface area on

cementitious reaction rates[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2013, 96(6): 1978-1990.

[12] Cyr M, Lawrence P, Ringot E. Efficiency of mineral admixtures in mortars: Quantification of the physical and

chemical effects of fine admixtures in relation with compressive strength[J]. Cement and Concrete Research.

2006, 36(2): 264-277.

[13] Cyr M, Lawrence P, Ringot E. Mineral admixtures in mortars: quantification of the physical effects of inert

materials on short-term hydration[J]. Cement and concrete research. 2005, 35(4): 719-730.

[14] Lawrence P, Cyr M, Ringot E. Mineral admixtures in mortars: effect of inert materials on short-term

hydration[J]. Cement and concrete research. 2003, 33(12): 1939-1947.

[15] ,㺱,. ˮ-úҏͺzˮ̶ȵо[J]. όW. 2010, 13(5):

584-588.

LI Xiang, Aruhan, YAN Peiyu. Research on hydration degree of cement-fly ash complex binders[J]. Journal of Building Materials. 2010, 13(5): 584-588. (in Chinese)

[16] Schindler A K, Folliard K J. Heat of hydration models for cementitious materials[J]. ACI Materials Journal.

2005, 102(1).

[17] Van Breugel K. Simulation of hydration and formation of structure in hardening cement-based materials.

Delft: Delft University of Technology[D]. Doctoral thesis, 1991.

 

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